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混合能源系统有望在AI数据中心大显身手_我的网站

A |     　　德国卡尔斯鲁厄理工学院携手美国斯坦福大学科学家，开发出一款混合能源系统。该系统集光伏发电、太阳能热技术与被动式日间辐射冷却（PDRC）技术于一体，可同时提供冷却、发电及加热功能，有望在能源密集型应用领域大显身手，尤其是需要大量电力和冷却的人工智能（AI）数据中心。相关论文发表于最新一期《电池报告物理科学》杂志。    PHILADELPHIA -- Musicians of the Philadelphia Orchestra and the Philadelphia Orchestra Association have ratified a collective bargaining agreement calling for minimum salaries to increase by 15.8% over three years.The deal announced Saturday night with Local 77 of the American Federation of Musicians covers Sept. 11 this year through Sept. 13, 2026. Increases in the agreement include 6% in the first year, 4.5% in the second and 4.5% in the third. The agreement replaces a four-year contract that expired Sept. 10.“Following the unprecedented disruption of the COVID-19 pandemic, our joint challenge was to find a new and financially responsible path forward,” Ralph W. Muller and Michael D. Zisman, co-chairs of The Philadelphia Orchestra and Kimmel Center Inc., said in a statement.The union said the deal requires management to increase the number of musicians hired each year and to ensure the contractual level of 105 musicians and two librarians is met. Substitute and extra musicians will earn 100% of what full-time musicians earn by the third year of service and ensure payment if their engagements are canceled with less than two weeks’ notice.The deal eliminates a lower rate of overtime for playing movies and calls for two days of rest after most Sunday concerts.“This contract is a victory for the present and future for the Philadelphia Orchestra,” David Fay, a double bass who has who played with the orchestra since 1984 and chairs the musicians' members committee, said in a statement. “We appreciate the leadership of our musical director, Yannick Nézet-Séguin, whose deep respect for us as musicians was evident in his support for a fair contract.”Base salary in 2022-23 was $152,256, including electronic media agreement wages. Each musician received a supplemental payment of $750 or $1,500 in each year of the contract, the union said.Nézet-Séguin, the music director since 2012-13, wore a blue T-shirt supporting the union during an open rehearsal at Saratoga on Aug. 11.The orchestra filed for bankruptcy in 2011 and emerged a year later. Musicians struck on Sept. 30, 2016, causing cancellation of that season’s opening night, then announced an agreement two days later.。

B | 　　太阳能电池板负责发电，太阳能集热器提供热量，而冷却通常依赖消耗电力的空调系统，于是这三种设备不得不在建筑的屋顶、外墙等有限空间里争夺地盘。团队希望屋顶和外墙能成为“活”的能源表面，同时承担电力、供暖和制冷三重使命，他们的混合能源系统让这一设想变成现实。　　这项研究建立在团队此前工作的基础上。

C | 2024年，他们曾开发出一种透明材料，在透射日光的同时，还能被动冷却建筑物。基于这一概念，团队将辐射冷却与太阳能收集组件融为一体，把单一表面转化为多功能能源系统。

D | 　　系统的核心是一层透明发射器，由涂覆硅酮聚合物聚二甲基硅氧烷的二氧化硅基板构成。这层“透明外衣”既能让阳光畅行无阻，又能以红外辐射的形式将热量悄然送出。透明冷却层之下，菲涅耳透镜将透射的阳光汇聚到紧凑的光伏集热器上，电力与热量便在此同时产生。

E | 　　在室外实验中，这款混合能源系统原型的冷却温度比环境低6.5℃，电功率密度达60.6瓦/平方米，加热温度高达110.8℃。　　这项研究证明，一个系统可以同时演绎“冰火两重天”——一边收集太阳能和热量，一边实现冷却功能。

F | 接下来，他们计划进一步提升该原型光学设计、热管理和太阳能电池等组件的性能。（记者 刘霞）。

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